Chronomics complement, among many other fields, genomics and proteomics.
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Citation
Chronomics complement, among many other fields, genomics and proteomics. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2001 Jan; 22(1): 53-73
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Chronomics complement, among many other fields, genomics and proteomics. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2001 Jan; 22(1): 53-73
PURPOSE: The influence of an irreversible inhibitor of constitutive NO synthase (L-NOArg; 1.0 mg/kg ip), a relatively selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (L-NIL; 1.0 mg/kg ip) and a relatively specific inhibitor of neuronal NO synthase (7-NI; 0.1 mg/kg ip), on antihyperalgesic action of selective antagonists of B2 and B1 receptors: D-Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8] bradykinin (HOE 140; 70 nmol/kg ip) or des Arg10 HOE 140 (70 nmol/kg ip) respectively, in model of diabetic (streptozotocin-induced) and toxic (vincristine-induced) neuropathy was investigated.
METHODS: The changes in pain thresholds were determined using mechanical stimuli--the modification of the classic paw withdrawal test described by Randall-Selitto.
RESULTS: The results of this paper confirm that inhibition of bradykinin receptors and inducible NO synthase but not neuronal NO synthase activity reduces diabetic hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with L-NOArg and L-NIL but not 7-NI, significantly increases antihyperalgesic activity both HOE 140 and des Arg10 HOE 140. It was also shown that both products of inducible NO synthase and neuronal NO synthase activation as well as bradykinin are involved in hyperalgesia produced by vincristine. Moreover, L-NOArg and 7-NI but not L-NIL intensify antihyperalgesic activity of HOE 140 or des-Arg10HOE 140 in toxic neuropathy.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of these studies suggest that B1 and B2 receptors are engaged in transmission of nociceptive stimuli in both diabetic and toxic neuropathy. In streptozotocin-induced hyperalgesia, inducible NO synthase participates in pronociceptive activity of bradykinin, whereas in vincristine-induced hyperalgesia bradykinin seemed to activate neuronal NO synthase pathway. Therefore, concomitant administration of small doses of bradykinin receptor antagonists and NO synthase inhibitors can be effective in alleviation of neuropathic pain, even in hospital care....
Bujalska M, Makulska-Nowak H. Bradykinin receptors antagonists and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in vincristine and streptozotocin induced hyperalgesia in chemotherapy and diabetic neuropathy rat model. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 144-152
OBJECTIVES: Some individually-housed male mice behave aggressively during encounters with strange males, while others are timid or sociable in the same situation. The objective of the present study was to examine concentrations of glutamate, aspartate, and GABA in the brain of aggressive, timid, and sociable mice.
METHODS: Random-bred albino mice were housed individually for three weeks and then classified in three groups (aggressive, timid, and sociable mice) according to their behavior during social interaction with non-aggressive group-housed male mice in a neutral cage. One week after categorization, by means of the social conflict test, levels of glutamate, aspartate, and GABA were measured by in vivo microdialysis of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of the isolated and group-housed mice.
RESULTS: Sociable mice had almost triple the levels of GABA in their mPFC than aggressive or timid mice. No significant differences in aspartate and glutamate levels were found in these three types of individually-housed mice. Forebrain chemistry of group-housed mice did not differ from that of individually-housed mice with the exception of levels of glutamate and GABA which were significantly lower in group-housed mice than in sociable individually-housed mice.
CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that GABA might play a role in sociable behavior. Results also corroborate other findings indicating that the GABAergic system represents an important molecular and neuronal substrate for the selective attenuation of anxiety and aggression....
Sustková-Fiserová M, Vávrová J, Krsiak M. Brain levels of GABA, glutamate and aspartate in sociable, aggressive and timid mice: an in vivo microdialysis study. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 79-84
OBJECTIVES: The association between low testosterone levels and Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) metabolism was investigated in brain and kidney of guinea pigs.
METHODS: The expression of Abeta peptide in the brain and kidney was assessed by using the immunohistochemistry method.
RESULTS: No expression of Abeta was seen in both groups of animals. This negative staining was found until the fourth week following castration. The formation of Abeta in guinea pigs is perhaps not a short duration process and may undergo different metabolic pathway compare to humans.
CONCLUSION: castration was not associated with the formation of Abeta in the brain and kidneys during a 1-month period and might require a longer period of time....
Wahjoepramonono E, Aniwiyanti V, Anggawidjaja S, Yunianto , Yusuf I. Correlation amyloid in brain, kidney, and CSF of castrated guinea pigs. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 46-50
BACKGROUND: HLA-G is an antigen whose participation in the regulation of the immune system is well documented. The aim of the present study has therefore been to evaluate the sHLA-G blood serum concentrations levels in both women with ovarian endometriosis and women with uterine leiomyomas.
METHODS: In our study, the soluble HLA-G concentration level was evaluated in the blood serum samples obtained from 98 women who underwent laparotomies or laparoscopies due to either ovarian endometriosis or leiomyomatous uterus. The control group consisted of 42 women, including women on whom a diagnostic laparoscopy identified no lesions, and volunteers-healthy women who returned their blood serum samples during menstrual bleeding.
RESULTS: Patients who underwent surgical treatment because of ovarian endometriosis or uterine leiomyoma, as well as patients from the control group, exhibited no sHLA-G blood serum concentration level fluctuations between the proliferative and secretory menstrual cycle phases. The sHLA-G levels were significantly lower in the patients with ovarian endometriosis and in the patients from the control group during the menstrual cycle phase than in those patients with leiomyoma. A similar relation between the sHLA-G levels of the postmenopausal patients suffering from leiomyoma and the control patients was found. In contrast, the postmenopausal women suffering from endometriosis were typified by levels of sHLA-G blood serum concentration comparable to those of the patients with leiomyoma, and the levels were significantly higher than those observed in the blood sera of the postmenopausal patients from the control group.
CONCLUSION: The soluble HLA-G blood serum level would seem to be a useful marker for evaluating the status of the microenvironment, where the tumor-immune cell and ectopic and eutopic endometrial interactions take place....
Basta P, Mach P, Pitynski K, Bednarek W, Klimek M, Zietek J, Zajac K, Wicherek L. Differences in the blood serum levels of soluble HLA-G concentrations between the menstrual cycle phases and menopause in patients with ovarian endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 91-98
OBJECTIVES: Receptor binding of GnRH is connected with the stimulation of pituitary gonadotropic cells leading to both the release and biosynthesis of gonadotropins. The binding is connected with the conformational changes in the receptor which induce the specific intracellular signalisation. The study of fish GnRHs and their receptors may give us new knowledge of the complex interplay of different mechanisms involved in neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction.
METHODS: Receptor binding of both mGnRH and sGnRH were compared by the study utilizing the displacement method with mGnRH or sGnRH as radioactive tracers. Incubation was performed at 2 degrees C to avoid ligand degradation.
RESULTS: The comparative binding of mGnRH and sGnRH with GnRH receptors from the female rat pituitary and female carp pituitary was studied. At the 50% of displacement, the binding of sGnRH to the rat pituitary receptor was very small and in comparison to the binding of mGnRH (100%) was in the range 2-15%. However, the binding of mGnRH to carp pituitary receptors is small in comparison with the binding of sGnRH (100%) and was in the range 5-20%.
CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated the differences in binding of different GnRHs to the receptor in rats and carp. This suggests that the structures of GnRH and its receptor undergo co-evolution in different classes of animals....
Kochman K, Gajewska A, Bieniarz K. Differential binding of mammalian and salmon GnRHs with rat and carp pituitary receptors. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 139-143
OBJECTIVES: Rosiglitazone (RGZ) belongs to thiazolidinediones - new class of antidiabetic drugs which are PPARgamma agonists. It was shown that tumoral tissue, including the pituitary adenomas, posses PPARgamma receptors. The activation of PPARgamma receptors inhibits tumour growth in rodents and induces the oncostatic effect on human cancer cell lines. The aim of the present study was to examine the anti-tumour effect of RGZ on human pituitary adenomas in vitro.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells of eight pituitary adenomas removed neurosurgically were used to our experiment. Before the operation, the hormonal secretion of the tumour was estimated. After the surgery, the histological diagnosis and immunohistochemical detection of pituitary hormones and PPARgamma receptors were performed. The cells of pituitary tumours were exposed in the primary culture to RGZ at the concentrations of 10(-9)-10(-4) M for 24 hours. To measure the cell growth the modified colorimetric Mossman method detecting the cells viability was applied.
RESULTS: On the basis of the pre-operative diagnosis the 6 clinically non-functioning adenomas (CNFPA), one case of acromegaly and one case of Cushing's disease were recognized. In 5 out of 6 CNFPA the immunopositive reaction for different pituitary hormones such as: LH, HGH, PRL, FSH and alpha-subunit was detected. Expression of PPARgamma was found in all examined tumours. Rosiglitazone decreased the cell viability of all CNFPA and corticotropinoma for 20% or more. In somatotropinoma inhibition of the cell growth was about 13%. There is no correlation between PPARgamma expression and efficacy of rosiglitazone. THE MAIN FINDING: The obtained results indicate that RZG exerts a suppressive effect on the cell viability in non-functioning pituitary adenomas. The lack of correlation between PPARgamma expression and anti-tumoral effect of RZG suggests that the above-mentioned action of this compound is independent on PPARgamma expression.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that rosiglitazone may be useful in the treatment of non-functioning pituitary adenomas, but its efficacy in Cushing's disease and acromegaly requires further study....
Winczyk K, Kunert-Radek J, Gruszka A, Radek M, Ławnicka H, Pawlikowski M. Effects of rosiglitazone--peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonist on cell viability of human pituitary adenomas in vitro. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 107-110
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate oral absorption of 1, 2 and 3 U/kg oral insulin five test products with different particle sizes in comparison with 0.1 U/kg subcutaneous reference formulation.
METHODS: Twenty five healthy volunteers participated in five studies using a two-phase, two-sequence crossover design with washout period of one day. Mean disposition kinetics was determined by non-compartmental analysis using Kinetica program. Absorption kinetics of insulin products were then determined using SIMCYP simulator utilizing ADAM model.
RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Dimensional analysis results showed the superiority of formula 4:2 U/kg oral dose with 57 nm particle size over other oral formulations when compared with subcutaneous route. Optimized intestinal permeability coefficients (x10(-4)) of insulin best test and reference formulations were 0.084 and 0.179 cm/sec respectively. Total fraction of insulin dose absorbed (Fa) for the test and reference products were 3.0% and 19% respectively. Subcutaneous product exhibited higher absorption rate and extent than oral insulin. Yet that was compensated by the increase in other factors such as Fa*, Peff* and oral dose, leading to similar insulin plasma levels and similar effect on glucose infusion rates. Oral insulin bioavailability was shown promising for the development of oral insulin product....
Badwan A, Remawi M, Qinna N, Elsayed A, Arafat T, Melhim M, Hijleh O, Idkaidek N. Enhancement of oral bioavailability of insulin in humans. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2009 Mar; 30(1): 74-78